NURS325 Integrated Pathophysiology And Clinical Pharmacology

Question: Discuss the difference between a chronic disease and a communicable disease. Which category do you think people have the most control over? Discuss a few reason why? Answer: Chronic disease also called non-communicable disease is a long-lasting state which can be managed although it cannot be cured. These diseases are not spread, and they are non-contagious (Bauer, 45-52). On the other hand, a communicable disease also called acute infection is the one that can be spread from one person to another via water, wind, direct or indirect mode and they are highly contagious (Stedman-Smith, 374). Communicable diseases are caused by pathogens and are regarded as highly infectious, and vectors are part in spreading diseases from one individual to another. For chronic conditions, the cause is due to illness, changes in lifestyle, malnutrition or abnormalities in cell proliferation along with allergies. The infecting agent in communicable diseases is virus along with bacteria, and these communicable diseases may include AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, typhoid along with cholera (Stedman-Smith, 374). Conversely, chronic diseases do not have an infectious agent, and they may include diabetes, heart disease, cancer and allergies (Bauer, 45-52). Another difference is on inheritance as the contagious disease cannot be inherited from one generation to the other but chronic diseases can be inherited. People have the most control over infectious diseases since they use simple interventions like washing hands properly together with sneezing under the sleeve, unlike the chronic diseases whereby they are very costly in controlling since they require adopting healthy behaviors like consuming a healthy diet and exercising regularly. Furthermore, people with chronic illnesses have to visit the hospital frequently for body checkup which could be expensive to those who cannot afford but for those with an infectious disease they easily control through immunization which is not regular and cost-free. Works Cited Bauer, Ursula E., et al. “Prevention of chronic disease in the 21st century: elimination of the leading preventable causes of premature death and disability in the USA.” The Lancet384.9937 (2014): 45-52. Stedman-Smith, Maggie, et al. “Outcomes of a pilot hand hygiene randomized cluster trial to reduce communicable infections among US office-based employees.” Journal of occupational and environmental medicine 57.4 (2015): 374.

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